Q.1) Explain the concept of social capital in relation to India. (10 marks)
Q.2) Examine the patterns of rural settlements in the western India and North-eastern India. (15 marks)
Q.3) Discuss the major environmental issues in the rural India at different geographic locales with examples. (20 marks)
Q.4) Examine the India’s performance related to food security, livelihood and standard of living vis-a-vis United Nations-mandated goals. (15 marks)
Answer of second question..
Intro is ok
Body :
Divide into western and northeastern India.
In western india, describe
1. Caste and religious effect on settlement( nebular settlements with places of importance at the centre)
2. U have added points for rectangular settlements and it’s relation to the main occupation -agriculture
3.linear settlements along rivers and the coast
4. Terraced settlements on the slopes of the ghats….
In North Eastern india
1.terraced settlements due to hilly terrain
2. Linear on the floodplains
3. Tribal settlements are circular for protection from wild animals and other tribes
Conclude ur answer suitably: maybe describe how globalisation and population growth is leading to disruption of traditional settlements patterns in india
Keep writing
Thnkx for the review.
Plz discuss answer to question 3 of day 55 as I found difficulty in writing it
My suggestion for q3:
Intro: 62% of population is located in rural areas. Hence tackling environmental issues will require special consideration of rural areas
Body: u can break environmental issues into 1.Air 2.land 3.water 4. Biodiversity
Air related issues:
1. Crop stubble burning in North india
2. Slash and burn cultivation. In North East states
3. Use of firewood in homes( WHO reported that household air pollution was a reason for more deaths than any major disease)
Water related issues:
1.tanneries and polluting industries along banks of rivers like ganga
2. Religious ceremonies that inconsiderately pollute holy rivers
3.over irrigation; many blocks of Telangana , maharashtra , rajasthan, … Are water stressed
4. Preventing ecological flow by unscientific construction
Land related issues:
1.encroachment on forests and shifting cultivation
2. Desertification in western india
3. Prolonged cultivation using chemicals has led to soil deterioration
Biodiversity:
1. Farmers using unapproved seeds
2.man -animal conflict ( tiger Avni incident)
3. Illegal poaching for superstition
4. Alien species and monoculture are destroying indigenous gene pools
REMEDIAL MEASURES:
1. Enforcement of ban on crop stubble burning; using crop stublls for alternative fuels
2. Spread awareness about dangers of shifting cultivation
3. Increase access to UJJWALA scheme
4. Restricting activities along banks of rivers
5. Designating local groups on the lines of Ganga Gram initiative for protection of rivers
6 separate feeder lines for power supplied for irrigation as recommend by NITI
7. Promoting zero budget natural farming and organic farming
8. utilisation of compensatory afforestation fund
9.land use plans with regard to disaster prone areas
10. Civil society groups to be used to promote awareness on biodiversity protection
Conclusion: if india is to meet sdg 17 goals it must cater to the elephant in the room . Fortunately for india , the villages are in a nascent stage of development and can easily be tuned in to green systems
HOPE IT HELPS(use figures where needed…Water stressed blocks (Niti water index), stubble burning areas, shifting cultivation areas)
Can u pls post as regularly as possible? If u have any friends in geo optional pls ask them to do the same…Its hard to keep writing when there is no feedback and discussion
We can review each other’s answers…